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职业病是一种人为的疾病。它的发生率与患病率的高低,直接反映疾病预防控制工作的水平。世界卫生组织对职业病的定义,除医学的涵义外,还赋予立法意义,即由各国政府所规定的“法定职业病”。我国政府规定,确诊的法定职业病必须向主管部门和同级卫生行政部门报告。凡属法定职业病患者,在治疗和休息期间及在确定为伤残或治疗无效死亡时,均应按工伤保险有关规定给予相应待遇。受经济水平等条件的限制,一些与职业密切相关的职业多发病是否该进入法定职业病的范围,引起了广大职业人士和专家的关注,备受争议。
Occupational disease is a man-made disease. Its incidence and prevalence rates directly reflect the level of disease prevention and control work. WHO’s definition of occupational diseases, in addition to medical implications, also gives legislative meaning, that is, “statutory occupational diseases” prescribed by the governments of various countries. Our government stipulates that the confirmed statutory occupational diseases must be reported to the competent department and the health administrative department at the same level. In the case of statutory occupational diseases, they shall be dealt with according to the relevant provisions of the work injury insurance during treatment and rest periods and when they are determined to be disabled or ineffective. Due to economic conditions and other conditions, whether some occupational diseases closely related to occupations should enter the scope of statutory occupational diseases have aroused the concern of a large number of professionals and experts and is in dispute.