目的:探讨病毒性心肌炎患儿外周血中肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)和细胞因子干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)与疾病的关系。方法:以临床确诊的28例病毒性心肌炎患儿为研究对象,与20例正常健康儿童进行比较,采用Elisa方法检测血清中TNF-α、TGF-β1和IFN-γ蛋白含量;采用实时荧光定量PCR法检测TNF-α、TGF-β1和IFN-γmRNA水平。结果:与健康儿童相比较,病毒性心肌炎患儿外周血IFN-γ的蛋白含量及IFN-γmRNA表达水平明显降低(P<0.01);TNF-α、TGF-β1的蛋白含量及TNF-α、TGF-β1的mRNA表达水平明显升高(P<0.01)。结论:TNF-α、TGF-β1和IFN-γ参与病毒性心肌炎的发病过程。 Objective: To investigate the relationship between tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and cytokine interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in peripheral blood of children with viral myocarditis. Methods: 28 cases of viral myocarditis clinically diagnosed in children as the research object, and 20 cases of normal healthy children were compared by Elisa method to detect serum TNF-α, TGF-β1 and IFN-γ protein content; using real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR method to detect the levels of TNF-α, TGF-β1 and IFN-γmRNA. Results: Compared with healthy children, the content of IFN-γ and the expression of IFN-γmRNA in peripheral blood of children with viral myocarditis decreased significantly (P <0.01); the content of TNF-α and TGF- TGF-β1 mRNA expression was significantly increased (P <0.01). Conclusion: TNF-α, TGF-β1 and IFN-γ are involved in the pathogenesis of viral myocarditis.