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目的了解新疆维吾尔族中小学生身体素质变化规律和特点。方法采用整群抽样法,以学校为单位,随机选取城市11所中小学,乡村17所中小学的维吾尔族学生,进行测试。结果 2015年和2010年比较:城市各年龄段维吾尔族男女学生耐力素质、下肢爆发力、力量素质呈现不同程度的增长;50米和坐位体前屈以城、乡、男、女呈现不同趋势。2015年城乡比较:城市男女生力量素质、柔韧素质普遍低于乡村男女生;城市男生立定跳远优于乡村男生,城市女生立定跳远低于乡村女生;50米、耐力素质按城、乡、男、女以青春发育期前后为断点呈现不同趋势。2015年城乡差距与2010年比较:50米城乡差距明显增大;耐力素质城乡差距缩小;男生立定跳远城乡差距增大,女生缩小;男生力量素质城乡差距缩小,女生增大。结论城市各年龄段维吾尔族中小学生耐力素质、下肢爆发力、力量素质不断增长,乡村中小学生各素质指标有升有降。
Objective To understand the rules and characteristics of physical fitness of primary and secondary school students in Uygur in Xinjiang. Methods By cluster sampling method, Uyghur students from 11 primary and secondary schools and 17 primary and secondary schools in the city were randomly selected for testing in schools. Results Compared between 2015 and 2010, the endurance quality and lower limb explosive strength of Uygur boys and girls in different age groups showed different degrees of growth. The 50-meter and sitting body flexion showed different trends in urban, rural, male and female. Urban and rural areas in 2015 compared to urban and rural areas: boys and girls strength quality, flexibility and quality generally lower than the boys and girls in the country; urban boys set long jump better than the rural boys, urban girls set long jump far below the rural girls; 50 meters, Women showed different trends before and after puberty. The gap between urban and rural areas in 2015 and 2010: the gap between urban and rural areas was significantly increased at 50m; the gap between urban and rural areas in endurance was narrowed; the gap between urban and rural areas in standing jumped for boys and girls narrowed; the gap between urban and rural areas was narrowed; Conclusions The endurance quality, the explosive force of lower extremities and the strength and quality of Uighur primary and secondary school students in all age groups in cities are increasing. The quality indicators of primary and secondary school students in cities are rising or falling.