论文部分内容阅读
2013年初在乌鲁木齐西北约80km、北天山北麓的呼图壁县建设名为新疆主动震源野外科学观测的研究站,主动震源试验系统由震源系统、气枪控制系统、气源及控制系统、台网监测系统四部分组成,所用震源为气枪震源,气枪每一炮的能量大约为0.9级地震释放能量.主动震源观测对乌鲁木齐台地磁数据产生干扰,本文从乌鲁木齐台几套地磁观测仪器原理、探头结构和放置方式出发,初步分析了干扰产生机制.(1)地磁M15秒数据的H、D和Z分量每隔15~20分钟产生一个约5秒左右的单脉冲型干扰;H、D、Z三分量干扰同步产生;同一分量不同次数干扰幅度大小不等.出现这些现象的原因可能是由于主动震源气枪从开始充气到充满的时间并不是固定的,每一枪的放枪时间也是人为控制,因此每一枪干扰时间间隔不一致;每一枪的能量不是固定的,在某个范围内变化(约15 MPa),造成不同次之间同一分量干扰幅度大小不等.乌鲁木齐台磁房距离主动源实验场地大约一公里左右,按照地表P波和S波传播速度,到达磁房的P和S波相差不超过0.5秒,M15为秒采样,其分辨率不够高,因此M15记录的数据相当于P波和S波同时达到,因此每次放炮干扰基本都为单脉冲干扰.(2)H、Z分量干扰分别为3、2纳特左右,D分量干扰为5分左右,最大干扰D不超过10分,H、Z不超过5纳特.磁房距离主动震源实验场地只有一公里,但每次放炮实验的震级较小(约0.9级),而一般情况下P波造成的垂直方向震动要小于S波造成的水平方向的左右晃动,这可能是造成Z分量干扰小于水平方向的D和H干扰的原因.(3)M15的F分量不受干扰,认为FHDZM15这套系统的D、H、Z三分量的FGE悬挂式磁通门磁力仪探头由于悬挂部分的悬挂结构是由成十字排列的锡磷青铜片构成,从而使得摆锤在X和Y方向可以自由运动,导致H、D、Z三分量产生同步的干扰,F探头由于置于墩子上而不受干扰.(4)M15分数据由秒数据经过高斯滤波得到,基本不受干扰.(5)乌鲁木齐台的其他地磁相对仪器如GM4和GM3不受主动震源实验的干扰.主动震源观测干扰为一种新类型的地磁干扰源.
At the beginning of 2013, a research station named Xinjiang Active Seismic Field Science Observation Station was built in Hutubi County, about 80km northwest of Urumqi. The active seismic source test system consisted of source system, air gun control system, gas source and control system, Monitoring system of the four parts, the source of the air gun for the source, the gun for each gun energy of about 0.9 earthquakes release energy. Active source observation on the terrestrial magnetic data in Urumqi interference, this article from Urumqi, Taiwan sets of several sets of geomagnetic observation instrument principle, the probe structure (1) The H, D and Z components of M15 seconds of geomagnetic data produce a single-pulse interference of about 5 seconds every 15 ~ 20 minutes; H, D, Z Component interference synchronization occurs; the same component different times the magnitude of the interference amplitude.The reason for these phenomena may be due to the active source air gun from inflated to full time is not fixed, the gun release time is also artificially controlled, and therefore Each gun has a different time interval; the energy of each gun is not fixed and varies within a certain range (about 15 MPa) resulting in a different Between the same component of the magnitude of the interference.UrMusi sets of magnetic room from the active source experimental site about one kilometer, according to the surface P-wave and S-wave propagation velocity, arrived at the magnetic room P and S wave difference of not more than 0.5 seconds, M15 seconds Therefore, the data recorded by M15 is equivalent to P-wave and S-wave at the same time, so the jamming of each shot is basically single pulse interference. (2) The interferences of H and Z components are respectively 3, 2 nautical miles , The D component interference is about 5 points, the maximum interference D is not more than 10 points, and H and Z do not exceed 5 nanometers. The magnetic room is only one kilometer away from the active hypocenter experiment site, but the magnitude of each blasting experiment is small (about 0.9 In general, the P-wave vibration in the vertical direction is smaller than that caused by the S-wave in the horizontal direction, which may be the reason that the interference of the Z component is less than the horizontal interference of D and H. (3) The F Component interference-free, that FHDZM15 this system D, H, Z three-component FGE hanging fluxgate magnetometer probe suspended part of the suspension structure is composed of a cross-shaped tin phosphor bronze sheet, making the pendulum Free movement in X and Y directions, resulting in H, D, Z thirds (4) The data of M15 is obtained by the Gaussian filter of the second data, which is not disturbed basically. (5) Other geomagnetic relative instruments such as GM4 and GM3 in Urumqi Free from active hypocenter experiments.The active source observation interference is a new type of geomagnetic interference source.