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多巴胺是脑内重要的信息传递物质,不仅可以作为递质释放到前额叶、伏隔核等脑区,直接进行信息传递,也可以作为调质调节其它突触递质的传递,并影响神经元可塑性。海马参与构成边缘系统,受多巴胺能神经支配,执行着有关学习记忆以及空间定位的功能。海马神经元的可塑性是学习记忆的细胞分子基础。研究表明,多巴胺对海马神经元的突触可塑性和兴奋性可塑性都具有重要的调节作用。本文扼要综述多巴胺对海马神经元突触可塑性和兴奋性可塑性的调节机制的研究进展,以期为DA系统参与海马区学习记忆功能的研究提供新思路,更深入地了解学习记忆的神经机制。
Dopamine is an important brain information transmitter, not only can be used as a transmitter to release to the prefrontal cortex, nucleus accumbens and other brain areas, direct information transfer, but also can be used as a mediator to regulate the transmission of other synaptic neurotransmitters and affect neurons plasticity. The hippocampus participates in the limbic system and is dominated by dopaminergic neurons, performing functions related to learning and memory and spatial positioning. The plasticity of hippocampal neurons is the cellular and molecular basis of learning and memory. Studies have shown that dopamine on hippocampal neurons synaptic plasticity and excitability plasticity have an important regulatory role. This review summarizes the research progress of dopamine on the regulation of synaptic plasticity and excitability plasticity in hippocampal neurons in order to provide new ideas for the study of DA system involved in learning and memory in hippocampus and to further understand the neural mechanism of learning and memory.