冠状动脉粥样硬化(AS)不稳定斑块破裂是急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)致死的主要原因。其病理基础是表面溃疡形成、破裂及继发血栓形成。在不稳定斑块形成及引发破裂过程中有许多细胞和分子的参与,这些因子各自的化学本质及分子生物学特征使其可能成为药物研究的新靶点。该文就易损斑块的形态学特征和相关分子机制予以综述,以期为临床上ACS的诊治寻找新的突破点。 Coronary atherosclerosis (AS) Unstable plaque rupture is the leading cause of death from acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The pathological basis of the formation of surface ulcers, rupture and secondary thrombosis. There are many cells and molecules involved in the formation of unstable plaque and the initiation of rupture. The chemical nature and molecular biology of these factors make them potentially new targets for drug discovery. This article reviews the morphological features and related molecular mechanisms of vulnerable plaque in order to find new breakthrough points for the diagnosis and treatment of ACS.