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目的了解列车乘务员的心理健康状况,为做好健康教育工作提供资料。方法采用精神卫生自评表中症状自评量表(SCL-90)和调查问卷对947名列车乘务员进行调查。结果9项因子中除了躯体化因子分高于常模外,其余各因子分均低于常模,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。睡眠环境较吵闹组的男性列车乘务员躯体化、强迫、焦虑因子分高于睡眠环境安静和一般组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);睡眠环境较吵闹组的女性列车乘务员躯体化、强迫、忧郁、敌对、偏执因子分高于睡眠环境安静和一般组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。月经规律组的女性列车乘务员躯体化、强迫、恐怖因子分低于月经不规律组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论工作条件、睡眠环境及生理规律的变动对列车乘务员的心理健康状况有一定影响,改善工作环境和劳动条件以及加强健康教育是提高列车乘务员身心健康的有效措施。
Objective To understand the mental health of train attendants and provide information for health education. Methods A total of 947 flight attendants were investigated using the SCL-90 questionnaire and the questionnaire. Results Among the 9 factors, the scores of somatization factor were higher than that of norm and all other factors were lower than that of norm, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). The somatization, forced and anxiety factors of male trains attendant in noisy sleep group were higher than those in quiet and general sleep environment (P <0.05). Female train crew members in the noisy sleep environment were more physical and forced Melancholy, hostility and paranoid factors were higher than those in the quiet sleep environment and the general group, with significant difference (P <0.05). Menstrual regularity group of female train flight attendants somatization, coercion, terror factor scores lower than irregular menstruation group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion The changes of working conditions, sleeping environment and physiological rules have some influence on the mental health status of train flight attendants. Improving working environment and working conditions and strengthening health education are effective measures to improve the physical and mental health of train flight attendants.