目的　研究环氧丙烷对周围神经的毒性作用。方法　应用电生理、生化及神经病理方法对亚慢性环氧丙烷吸入染毒和对照大鼠测定了运动神经传导速度 (MCV)、肌电图 (EMG)、β 半乳糖苷酶、N 乙酰神经氨酸等。结果　高浓度组大鼠MCV明显下降 ,出现下肢无力、瘫痪等中毒症状 ,胫、腓神经组织的 β 半乳糖苷酶活力升高、N 神经氨酸含量下降 ;EMG检查中出现纤颤波 ,镜检发现周围神经轴索变性及髓鞘肿胀 ,低浓度组未见明显改变。结论　环氧丙烷可致周围神经损害 ,为中枢 周围远端型轴索病。 Objective To study the toxic effects of propylene oxide on peripheral nerve. Methods The levels of motor nerve conduction velocity (MCV), EMG, β-galactosidase, N-acetyl-N-acetylglucosamine (NAC) were measured by electrophysiological, biochemical and neuropathological methods in rats exposed to inhalation of sub-chronic propylene oxide Acid and so on. Results The MCV of rats in high concentration group decreased obviously, the symptom of poisoning such as weakness and paralysis of lower extremity appeared, the activity of β-galactosidase increased and the content of N-neuraminic acid decreased in tibia and peroneal nerve tissue, fibrillation wave appeared in EMG examination, Examination found that peripheral nerve axonal degeneration and myelin swelling, low concentration group no significant change. Conclusion Propylene oxide can cause peripheral nerve damage, as the distal type of axial axonal disease.