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本文从一般的诚信、合同诚信和占有诚信三个方面介绍了中世纪法学家对诚信问题的研究 ,认为他们对该制度的近代化功不可没。其中 ,一般的诚信被分为神学上的、自然的和民事的三种 ,前者的标准最高 ,并对欧陆世俗法和英国衡平法影响重大 ;合同诚信是诚信制度实体法化的产物 ,且被普遍化。中世纪法学家还发展出“最大诚信”和“商人的诚信”概念 ,总结出客观诚信的三项行为标准 ,并最终系统化地研究了它们。由于中世纪法学家的劳动 ,占有诚信的要件和效果得到很大修改 ,诚信与恶信之间的中间状态、诚信的契约论基础等问题亦得到卓富意义的研究。
This article introduces the research on honesty and trustworthiness of medieval jurists from the aspects of general honesty, contractual honesty and possession honesty. They think that they should contribute to the modernization of this system. Among them, the general sincerity is divided into three kinds of theological, natural and civil, the highest standards of the former, and the European secular law and the Equalization of Great Britain impact; contractual integrity is the product of the legal system of good faith, and was Universal. Medieval jurists also developed the concept of “the greatest sincerity” and “the integrity of merchants”, concluded the three standards of conduct of objective honesty and finally studied them systematically. As a result of the work of the medieval jurists, the elements and effects of possession of honesty have been greatly modified. The problems of the intermediate state between honesty and evil belief, the basis of contractual integrity, and the like have also been examined in a very rich sense.