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为研究不同水分条件下盆栽夏玉米的干物质积累分配规律,采用盆栽设置不同水分处理的方法,从根、茎、叶叶鞘、雌穗等器官水平考察水分胁迫对夏玉米物质积累、分配的影响。结果表明:不同水分条件下,叶片、茎秆和叶鞘3个部分是夏玉米干物质积累的主要来源。灌浆前,叶片是最主要的干物质积累器官,所占比例为22%;灌浆后,叶片所占比例仍高达21%。茎秆也是夏玉米干物质积累的主要来源,在抽雄初期,水分适宜条件下,茎秆所占总重的26%;在抽雄后期,茎秆占总重上升为30%。在吐丝期和灌浆后期的比重为24%和23%。水分胁迫条件下,叶鞘的比重在吐丝期和灌浆后期分别为21%和18%。夏玉米鲁单981在生殖生长阶段,对土壤水分非常敏感,水分胁迫有利于其干物质的快速积累,但在生产上应根据天气及土壤状况及时浇水,才能获得高产。
In order to study the law of dry matter accumulation and distribution of summer maize under different water conditions, the effects of water stress on the accumulation and distribution of summer maize were investigated from different organs, such as root, stem, leaf sheath and ear, . The results showed that under different water conditions, leaf, stem and leaf sheath were the main sources of dry matter accumulation in summer maize. Before grouting, leaves were the most important dry matter accumulation organs, accounting for 22% of the total. After grouting, the proportion of leaves was still as high as 21%. The stem was also the main source of dry matter accumulation in summer maize. In the early stage of tasselling, the stalks accounted for 26% of the total weight under suitable water conditions. In the late stage of tasselling, the total weight of stalks increased to 30%. The proportion of silking and filling was 24% and 23% respectively. Under water stress, the proportion of leaf sheaths was 21% and 18% at the silking and filling stages, respectively. Summer maize Ludan 981 is very sensitive to soil moisture in the reproductive growth stage, and water stress is good for the rapid accumulation of dry matter. However, high yield can be obtained by timely watering according to the weather and soil conditions in production.