企业短缺资金来源主要来自于短期负债、中长期负债及所有者权益,其中中长期负债兼具所有者权益及短期负债资金来源的优势,不仅能够发挥财务杠杆效应,而且筹集的资金具有稳定性,是企业一种重要的融资方式。本文笔者以对企业中长期借款概述的分析为基础,探讨中长期借款与优序融资理论及财务风险战略之间的关系。最后,笔者认为应当从利率及借款额两个维度加强中长期借款的管理,以降低利息费用,提高企业经营效益。一、对企业中长期借款的概述企业中长期借款是企业借入的期限在一年以上(不含一年)的借款,包括基本建设借款、项目借款、房地产借款等等。企业在经营过程中需要投入固定资产、无形资产等长期资产,为 Shortage of corporate finance sources of funds mainly from short-term liabilities, long-term liabilities and owners’ equity, including both long-term liabilities and ownership of short-term debt and the source of funding advantages, not only to play the financial leverage effect, and the funds raised are stable, Is an important way of financing enterprises. The author of this paper, based on an overview of mid-term and long-term corporate loans, explores the relationship between long-term borrowings and the theory of optimal financing and the strategy of financial risk. Finally, I think we should strengthen the management of medium and long-term loans from the two dimensions of interest rate and loan amount so as to reduce the interest expense and improve the operating efficiency of the enterprise. I. Overview of Mid-term and Long-term Loans of Enterprises Long-term loans of enterprises are borrowings borrowed by enterprises for a period of more than one year (excluding one year), including capital construction loans, project loans and real estate loans. Enterprises in the business process need to invest in fixed assets, intangible assets and other long-term assets