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目的:探讨S波段高功率微波(HPM)辐射对大鼠下丘脑垂体肾上腺轴 (HPA)功能与结构的影响。方法:采用 2~90mW/cm2的S波段HPM辐照 130只二级雄性Wistar大鼠,分别于照后 6h, 1d, 7d, 14d, 28d及 3个月活杀,取血、肾上腺、垂体及下丘脑。采用放射免疫法检测血清中相关激素的变化,采用光镜 (HE、TB、Peace和Ag nor染色)、电镜和图像分析技术,定量研究上述组织损伤的形态变化。结果:S波段HPM辐照后,内分泌功能发生改变,表现为血清中皮质醇(CS)下降、促肾上腺皮质释放激素 (ACTH)与生长激素 (GH)升高。辐照后HPA轴各器官均见组织损伤,肾上腺束状带实质细胞、垂体远侧部细胞及下丘脑神经元见变性与坏死;肾上腺束状带细胞嗜银蛋白减少而腺垂体细胞嗜银蛋白增加;腺垂体嗜碱细胞颗粒呈升高趋势;下丘脑神经元尼氏体减少。上述改变呈现一定的剂量相关性。结论:S波段HPM辐照可引起HPA轴各器官功能与结构改变,且此改变呈一定剂量效应关系。
Objective: To investigate the effect of S-band high power microwave (HPM) radiation on the function and structure of the hypothalamic pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) in rats. Methods: A total of 130 second-grade male Wistar rats were irradiated by 2 ~ 90 mW / cm2 S-band HPM and killed at 6h, 1d, 7d, 14d, 28d and 3h after irradiation respectively. Blood, adrenal gland, Hypothalamus. The changes of serum hormones were detected by radioimmunoassay. The morphological changes of the above tissue were quantitatively studied by light microscopy (HE, TB, Peace and Ag nor staining), electron microscopy and image analysis techniques. Results: The changes of endocrine function after S-band HPM irradiation showed the decrease of serum cortisol (CS) and the increase of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and growth hormone (GH). After irradiation, tissue damage occurred in all organs of HPA axis, adrenal fasciculus with parenchymal cells, pituitary distal cells and hypothalamic neurons degeneration and necrosis; adrenal fascicularia cells with reduced argyrophilic protein and pituitary cells argyrophilic protein Increased; pituitary basophilic granules showed an upward trend; hypothalamic neuron Nissl reduced. The above changes show a certain dose-related. Conclusion: S-band HPM irradiation can cause changes in the function and structure of HPA axis organs, and the changes showed a dose-response relationship.