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随着社会、经济的发展以及人口数量的急剧增长,人类对水资源的需求量越来越大.在水资源日益短缺的情况下,科学合理地规划与管理灌溉水资源对提高水分利用率和保障粮食安全具有十分重要的意义.研究人员对此开展了大量卓有成效的工作,但多专注于特定的方面或尺度,深入性很强,系统性、整体性较弱.本文从管理的综合性与技术的集成性出发,提出了用于灌溉水资源时空优化配置的多层次多尺度框架,并阐明了框架内各组成部分的基础理论,以智能算法在各类模型求解中的应用为主线回顾和总结了前人的研究成果.基于系统性策略来研究灌溉水资源优化配置问题,既可以从时间尺度上总体控制灌溉用水总量,也可以从空间尺度上减少灌溉水量的损失,为提升灌区灌溉水资源管理水平,提高水分生产率以保障粮食安全提供科学依据与技术支撑.
With the social and economic development as well as the rapid population growth, the human demand for water resources is getting larger and larger.With the increasing shortage of water resources, scientifically and rationally planning and managing irrigation water resources is of great importance to improving water use efficiency and To ensure food security is of great significance.Researchers carried out a large number of fruitful work, but more focused on a specific aspect or scale, deep, systematic, overall weakness.This article from the management of comprehensive and Technology integration, a multi-level and multi-scale framework for spatio-temporal optimization of irrigation water resources is proposed and the basic theories of each component in the framework are clarified. The main line reviews and application of intelligent algorithm in solving various models Based on systematic strategies to study the optimal allocation of irrigation water resources, we can not only control the total amount of irrigation water on a time scale, but also reduce the loss of irrigation water on a spatial scale. The level of water resources management, improve water productivity in order to ensure food security to provide a scientific basis and technical support.