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选择景泰县寺滩乡附近相邻旱地和旱砂地作为研究对象,对两块样地土壤pH值、有机质、N、P含量进行测定和分析。结果表明:1)两块样地表层土壤养分特征表现为缺N、多P、富K,旱砂地缺N更严重,甚至低于灰钙土碱解氮含量平均值,旱地各养分含量高于景泰县平均土壤养分状况。2)从两个土壤剖面来看,全N和碱解N受有机质影响显著,三者的变化趋势较一致;速效P受全P影响显著,这点在旱砂地表现更突出,而速效K含量主要与土壤母质及其风化程度有关,这在旱地表现的更突出。旱地土壤呈碱性环境,其土壤养分有效性受到抑制。3)有机质与N、P、K显著正相关,说明增加有机肥可以有效改善土壤肥力,但要了解土壤养分本底值,结合农作物对养分种类及数量的需求做到科学、合理供肥。
The adjacent dry land and dry sand land near Temple Beach Township, Jingtai County were selected as the research object to measure and analyze the soil pH value, organic matter, N and P contents in two plots. The results showed as follows: 1) The nutrient characteristics of topsoil in two plots showed N, P, K deficiency. N deficiency in dry sandy land was even worse than that of calcareous soil. The contents of nutrients in dry land were higher than Jingtai County average soil nutrient status. 2) From the two soil profiles, total N and alkaline solution N are significantly affected by organic matter, the three trends are more consistent; available P is significantly affected by the whole P, which is more prominent in the dry sand, and available K content Mainly with the soil parent material and its degree of weathering, which is more prominent in the dry land. The upland soil has an alkaline environment and its soil nutrient availability is inhibited. 3) There is a significant positive correlation between organic matter and N, P and K, which indicates that adding organic fertilizer can effectively improve soil fertility. However, to understand the value of soil nutrient, we need scientific and reasonable supply of fertilizer in accordance with the demand of crops for the types and quantity of nutrients.