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【目的】了解城区2~6岁儿童依恋类型及与气质的关系,探讨儿童气质特征在依恋形成中的作用。【方法】对203名2~6岁儿童分别采用“幼儿依恋行为分类卡片”(attachment Q-set,AQS)和幼儿、儿童气质问卷(CTTS、CPTS)进行依恋类型和气质测评,并调查儿童家庭养育情况。【结果】安全型依恋占54.7%,不安全型占45.3%;安全型与不安全型两者的气质类型分布差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);儿童依恋水平有13.8%受气质情绪维度的影响;Lo-gistic回归分析显示节律性低、情绪本质消极、代养人为祖辈、教养态度不一致,儿童依恋更倾向于不安全型。对依恋类型影响贡献大小依次是情绪本质、带养人是否为母亲、节律性和教养态度是否一致。【结论】调查儿童依恋类型以安全型为主,儿童气质影响家庭中的亲子依恋性质。
【Objective】 To understand the relationship between the attachment type and temperament of children aged 2 ~ 6 in urban area and to explore the role of children’s temperament in attachment formation. 【Methods】 A total of 203 children aged 2 ~ 6 years were assessed for attachment type and temperament by using “Attachment Q-set” (AQS) and CTTS (Children and Toddlers) questionnaire respectively Child family rearing situation. 【Results】 The safety attachment was 54.7%, unsafe 45.3%. There was significant difference in the type of temperament between safe and unsafe (P <0.01). The attachment level of children was 13.8% Lo-gistic regression analysis showed that low rhythmicity, negative emotions, replacement of ancestors, inconsistency in parenting attitude, and child attachment tended to be unsafe. The contribution to the type of attachment is the emotional nature of the order, with the adoption of the mother is a mother, rhythm and education are the same attitude. 【Conclusion】 The study investigated that the type of children’s attachment is based on safety and the children’s temperament affects the parent-child attachment in the family.