恩格斯在《自然辩证法》一书中(载《马克思、恩格斯选集》第三卷,人民出版社,72年版,第512页)指出:人类大脑的形成和发展,主要有两个因素,首先是劳动,然后是与劳动相结合的语言。语言是人类劳动过程中,由于交际的需要才产生的。在这个意义上,语言,从起源和主要功能来看,本质都在于交际。学习本族语的目的在于交际,学习外国语的目的也在于交际。因而,探索如何培养交际能力,就成了语言教学工作者的重要课题。交际包含两个方面,即语言信息的发出者(说话者或写作者)和语言信息的接受者(说 Engels pointed out in his book Dialectics of Nature (contained in Volume 3 of the Selected Works of Marx and Engels, People’s Publishing House, 72-year edition, p. 512) that the formation and development of the human brain are mainly driven by two factors, above all labor , Then the language combined with labor. Language is the process of human labor, due to the needs of communication produced. In this sense, language, in its origins and main functions, is essentially based on communication. The purpose of learning native language is communication, learning foreign languages ​​is also the purpose of communication. Therefore, to explore how to cultivate communicative competence has become an important issue for language teaching workers. Communication includes two aspects, namely, the sender of the language information (speaker or writer) and the receiver of the language information (say