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目的 了解海南省人群流行性出血热感染状况,为制定防控策略提供科学依据.方法 采集海南省部分地区人群血清,采用免疫荧光法进行流行性出血热抗体检测.结果 共检测800人份人群血清,感染率为4.25％(34/800);西部地区的东方市、儋州市和中部地区的五指山市感染率(5％～6％)高于东部地区的万宁市(1％),且差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);感染率较高的为30～39岁、40～49岁、50～59岁3个年龄组,分别为7.5％、6.25％和5.6％.这3个年龄组感染率差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),其他年龄组感染率低于这3个年龄组且差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);男性感染率(7.25％)高于女性(1.25％),且差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 海南省局部地区尤其是西部和中部的农村地区,存在EHF的潜在流行,在一定条件下有可能发生局部暴发,建议这些地区要采取相应的措施,加强人间疫情的监测和防控,防止疫情的流行和暴发.“,”Objective To understand the status of crowd infection of epidemic hemorrhagic fever (EHF) in Hainan Province,so as to provide the evidence for formulating the EHF preventive and control strategy.Methods The serum samples of the crowds in part of Hainan Province were collected and examined by the polymerase chain reaction fluorescence method.Results A total of 800 serum samples were examined and the seropositive rate of EHF was 4.25％ (34/800).The seropositive rates of the crowd in Dongfang City and Danzhou City in the western region,and Wuzhishan City in the central region (5％-6％) were significantly higher than the rate in Wanning City in the eastern region (1％) (P＜0.05).The EHF seropositive rates were higher in the 30-39 age group,40-49 age group and 50-59 age group (7.5％,6.25％ and 5.6％,respectively),but there was no significant difference among them (P＞0.05).The EHF seropositive rates in the 3 age groups above-mentioned were significantly higher than those in the other age groups (P＜0.05).The seropositive rate was significantly higher in the male (7.25％) than that in the female (1.25％) (P＜0.05).Conclusions There is a potential EHF epidemic in some regions of Hainan Province,especially in the western and central regions,which might lead to a local outbreak under certain conditions.Therefore,the corresponding measures,such as strengthening human epidemic surveillance,and reinforcement of prevention and control measures,should be taken in these regions to avoid the epidemic and outbreak of EHF.