研究了基于同轴伽柏（Ｇａｂｏｒ）Ｘ射线全息方法的Ｘ射线相位成像。应用部分相干光的同轴ＧａｂｏｒＸ射线全息理论，分析了入射光的部分相干性对直接Ｘ射线相位成像的影响，指出相干性对直接成像的影响不是很大，并研究了Ｘ射线相位全息。讨论了入射光的部分相干性、记录介质的有限分辨、物体与记录介质的准直程度和复原的位置等因素对成像质量的影响。证明了物体与记录介质的不准直是影响相位成像质量的最重要因素，给出了纵向记录长度不确定程度与横向记录介质分辨所必须满足的一个条件以得到高质量成像 The X-ray phase imaging based on the coaxial Gabor X-ray holographic method is studied. The effect of the coherence of incident light on direct X - ray imaging is analyzed by using the coaxial Gabor X - ray holographic theory of partially coherent light. It is pointed out that coherence has little effect on direct imaging, and the X - ray phase holography has been studied. The effects of some factors such as the partial coherence of incident light, the limited resolution of recording medium, the degree of collimation between object and recording medium and the position of restoration are discussed. It is proved that the misalignment between object and recording medium is the most important factor that affects the imaging quality of the phase. A condition that the longitudinal recording length is indefinite and the transverse recording medium must meet is given to obtain high quality imaging