脑血管疾病(cerebrovascular disease,CVD)是指由各种原因导致的急慢性脑血管病变,是神经系统的常见病及多发病,是目前导致人类死亡的三大主要疾病之一,并且存活着中50%～70%[1]。患者遗留有严重残疾。脑血管疾病因其发病率高、死亡率高、致残率高以及复发率高,给社会和家庭带来了沉重的负担。而且,随着老年人的日益增多以及老龄化社会的逐步到来,患脑血管疾病的人数将进一步增加。脑梗死(急性缺血性脑卒中),是最常见的脑血管疾病类型,占全部脑卒中的60%～80%[2],因此脑梗死(急性缺血性脑卒中)的 Cerebrovascular disease (CVD) refers to the acute and chronic cerebrovascular diseases caused by various causes, which are common and frequently occurring diseases of the nervous system and are currently one of the three major diseases that cause human death and are still alive 50% ~ 70% [1]. The patient left with severe disability. Because of its high incidence of cerebrovascular disease, high mortality, high morbidity and recurrence rate, to the community and home a heavy burden. Moreover, with the increasing number of the elderly and the gradual arrival of an aging society, the number of people suffering from cerebrovascular diseases will further increase. Cerebral infarction (acute ischemic stroke), which is the most common type of cerebrovascular disease, accounts for 60% to 80% of all strokes [2], and therefore cerebral infarction (acute ischemic stroke)