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目的:了解三峡农村地区超重肥胖的流行现状和影响因素。方法:于2007年在宜昌市夷陵区的农村人群进行现况调查,采用标准化的问卷收集居民一般人口学情况、社会经济状况和生活方式与行为,并进行身高、体重和腰围测量。超重、肥胖和中心性肥胖分别定义为体重指数(BMI):24.0～27.9 kg/m2、≥28 kg/m2和腰围≥85 cm(男性)、≥80 cm(女性)。采用Logistic回归模型探讨影响超重肥胖的相关因素。结果:共调查35岁及以上者9568人(应答率为80.8%),其中19.7%为三峡大坝建设后靠移民。年龄标化超重、肥胖和中心性肥胖患病率在男性分别为22.2%、5.5%和18.8%,女性分别为26.7%、6.9%和25.4%,男性各指标明显低于女性(P值均<0.01)。在男性中35～54岁年龄段超重肥胖患病率最高,而女性患病率最高的年龄段为45～64岁。三峡移民超重肥胖患病率指标显著高于非移民(P值<0.01或<0.05)。多元Logistic回归分析表明,受教育水平较高、经常食用高脂食物、缺乏体力活动和从事非农业生产者罹患超重/肥胖(BMI≥24)的风险明显增加(P值均<0.05),而移民与否不是超重肥胖的独立影响因素。结论:三峡夷陵农村地区超重肥胖患病率较高,需大力加强肥胖的防治。
Objective: To understand the prevalence and influencing factors of overweight and obesity in rural areas of Three Gorges. Methods: A survey of rural population in Yiling District of Yichang City in 2007 was carried out. The demographic, socioeconomic, lifestyle and behaviors of residents were collected using standardized questionnaires. Height, weight and waist circumference were measured. Overweight, obesity and central obesity were defined as body mass index (BMI): 24.0-27.9 kg / m2, ≥28 kg / m2 and waist circumference ≥85 cm for males and ≥80 cm for females, respectively. Logistic regression model was used to investigate the related factors affecting overweight and obesity. Results: A total of 9568 people aged 35 and above (response rate 80.8%) were investigated, of which 19.7% were resettled by the Three Gorges Dam after its construction. The prevalence of age-standardized overweight, obesity and central obesity were 22.2%, 5.5% and 18.8% in males and 26.7%, 6.9% and 25.4% in females, respectively, and were significantly lower in males than in females (P < 0.01). The prevalence of overweight and obesity is highest among males in the 35- to 54-year-old age group, while the highest prevalence in females is 45-64 years. The prevalence of overweight and obesity in Three Gorges immigrants was significantly higher than that of non-immigrants (P <0.01 or <0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of higher education level, regular consumption of high-fat foods, lack of physical activity and non-agricultural producers suffering from overweight / obesity (BMI≥24) was significantly increased (P <0.05), while immigrants Whether or not is not an independent factor of overweight and obesity. Conclusion: The prevalence of overweight and obesity is high in Yiling rural areas of the Three Gorges. The prevention and treatment of obesity should be strengthened.