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胞外ＡＴＰ（三磷酸腺苷）浓度的改变，影响许多重要的生理功能，诸如神经递质作用、血小板凝聚、血管紧张、心脏功能和肌肉收缩等等。胞外ＡＴＰ作为递质直接影响神经效应器接点和／或调制其它神经递质以及通过第二信使调节细胞活动，都是由膜上不同的ＡＴＰ受体（Ｐ２嘌呤受体）或ＡＴＰ激活的离子通道介导的。本文从胞外ＡＴＰ的递质作用的发现与确证，胞外ＡＴＰ的来源、ＡＴＰ的受体、ＡＴＰ介导的反应及胞外ＡＴＰ的降解等几方面对胞外ＡＴＰ研究的进展作一综述
Changes in the concentration of extracellular ATP (adenosine triphosphate) affect many important physiological functions such as neurotransmitter effect, platelet aggregation, vascular tone, cardiac function and muscle contraction. Extracellular ATP, as a transmitter, directly affects neuro effector junctions and / or modulates other neurotransmitters and regulates cellular activity through a second messenger, both by different ATP receptors (P2 purinergic receptors) or ATP-activated ions on the membrane Channel mediated. This review summarizes the progress in the study of extracellular ATP from the discovery and confirmation of the neurotransmitter effect of extracellular ATP, the origin of extracellular ATP, the receptor of ATP, the ATP-mediated reaction and the degradation of extracellular ATP