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非编码核糖核酸是一类具有重要生物学功能的核酸分子。目前,学术界仅对少数非编码核糖核酸的特性及其在细胞内的调控作用等有一定的认识,而对其他更多种类的非编码核糖核酸及其具体的生物学作用依然不甚明了。下面就非编码核糖核酸的主要分类、生物学意义和功能,以及非编码核糖核酸参与头颈部恶性肿瘤的发生及其在头颈部恶性肿瘤诊断、治疗中的应用作一简要综述。
Non-coding RNAs are a group of nucleic acid molecules that have important biological functions. At present, the academic community only has a certain understanding of the characteristics of a few non-coding ribonucleic acids and their regulatory roles in the cell. However, the role of other more kinds of non-coding ribonucleic acids and their specific biological effects remains unclear. The following is a brief overview of the main classification, biological significance and function of non-coding RNA, and the involvement of non-coding RNA in the development of head and neck malignancies and its application in the diagnosis and treatment of head and neck malignant tumors.