乳腺癌是常见的恶性肿瘤 ,仅次于子宫颈癌 ,占妇女因肿瘤死亡的第 2位 ,晚近有超过后者的倾向。乳腺癌的早期诊断和治疗是提高乳腺癌生存率和生存质量的关键。遗传性乳腺癌占全部乳腺癌的 5 %～ 9% ,占 30岁乳腺癌的 2 5 %～ 35 % ,发病年龄早 ,双侧比例高 ,可伴发其他恶性肿瘤 Breast cancer is a common malignancy, second only to cervical cancer, which accounts for the 2nd death of women due to cancer, and has a tendency to exceed that of the latter. The early diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer is the key to improving the survival rate and quality of life of breast cancer. Hereditary breast cancer accounts for 5% to 9% of all breast cancers and 25% to 35% of 30-year-old breast cancers. The age of onset is early and the bilateral ratio is high, which may be associated with other malignancies.