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CO_2捕集与存贮(CCS)是一项应对全球变暖的有潜力的措施。钢铁联合企业是一个巨大的CO_2排放源,应该最优先考虑捕集CO_2。地球革新技术研究所(RITE)开发出一种低成本的CO_2捕集系统,采用化学吸收法脱除高炉煤气中的CO_2(COCS项目,2004—2008财年)。在该项目中,RITE进行了新的化学溶剂的开发,以减少再生能量的消耗,因为它对CO_2捕集的成本有直接影响。首先使用气体洗涤瓶,通过筛选测试评估溶剂对CO_2的吸收/解吸速率,用微分反应量热计测量反应热。通过这些试验,对溶剂进行筛选后,用处理CO2能力为1 t/d的试验设备对高性能的待选新溶剂进行评估。通过上述试验,能对新的混合胺溶剂(称RITE溶剂,包括RITE-5与RITE-6)作出评价。RITE溶剂具有中等偏低的反应热和中等偏高的吸收率。在1t/d的试验设备上评估出这两种溶剂的再生能量分别为3.3 GJ/t、3.1 GJ/t,比30%(质量分数)的MEA(单乙醇胺,4.0 GJ/t)要低得多。如果对操作与设备参数进行优化,RITE-5与RITE-6的再生能量预计有潜力降到2.65 GJ/t与2.5 GJ/t。COCS项目还开发出CO_2捕集系统用的余热资源回收技术,用再生锅炉生产低成本蒸汽。联合使用RITE溶剂和余热回收系统,预计CO_2的捕集成本要比30%MEA的方法几乎低50%。
CO 2 capture and storage (CCS) is a potential solution to global warming. Steel conglomerates are a huge source of CO 2 emissions and the highest priority should be given to CO 2 capture. The RITE has developed a low-cost CO 2 capture system that uses chemical absorption to remove CO 2 from blast furnace gas (COCS project, fiscal year 2004-2008). In this project, RITE developed a new chemical solvent to reduce the consumption of regenerative energy because it has a direct impact on the cost of CO 2 capture. The bottles were first purged with gas and the solvent was tested for the rate of CO2 absorption / desorption by a screening test, and the reaction heat was measured using a differential reaction calorimeter. After these tests, the solvent was screened and the high-performance candidate new solvent was evaluated using a test equipment capable of handling CO2 with a capacity of 1 t / d. The new mixed amine solvent (referred to as RITE solvent, including RITE-5 and RITE-6) can be evaluated by the above test. RITE solvents have moderately low reaction heat and moderately high absorption. The regenerated energies of these two solvents were estimated to be 3.3 GJ / t and 3.1 GJ / t at a 1 t / d test facility, respectively, lower than the MEA (monoethanolamine, 4.0 GJ / t) of 30% many. The regenerative energies of RITE-5 and RITE-6 are expected to have the potential to drop to 2.65 GJ / t and 2.5 GJ / t if operational and equipment parameters are optimized. The COCS project also developed waste heat recovery technologies for CO 2 capture systems and low-cost steam from regenerative boilers. Combined with the RITE solvent and waste heat recovery system, CO 2 capture costs are estimated to be approximately 50% lower than the 30% MEA method.