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以NaHSO4·H2O、正硅酸乙酯和异丙醇为原料,经溶胶—凝胶法制备固体酸催化剂(NaHSO4·SiO2),进行了利用此催化剂催化油酸与甲醇的酯化反应制备生物柴油的实验,研究了催化剂焙烧温度、NaHSO4负载量、反应时间、催化剂质量分数、甲醇与油酸物质的量比等对油酸转化率的影响。实验结果表明:固体酸催化剂NaHSO4·SiO2在油酸与甲醇的酯化反应中具有很高的催化活性,当催化剂焙烧温度为200℃、NaHSO4负载量为15%、n(甲醇)∶n(油酸)=10∶1、催化剂质量占油酸质量的10%、反应时间5h时,酯化反应转化率可达95.19%。
NaHSO4 · H2O, tetraethylorthosilicate and isopropanol were used as raw materials to prepare solid acid catalyst (NaHSO4 · SiO2) by sol-gel method. The catalyst was used to catalyze the esterification of oleic acid with methanol to prepare biodiesel The effects of catalyst calcination temperature, NaHSO4 loading, reaction time, catalyst mass fraction and methanol / oleic acid ratio on the oleic acid conversion were investigated. The experimental results show that the solid acid catalyst NaHSO4 · SiO2 has a high catalytic activity in the esterification of oleic acid with methanol. When the catalyst calcination temperature is 200 ℃, NaHSO4 loading is 15%, n (methanol): n Acid) = 10: 1, the quality of the catalyst accounted for 10% of oleic acid, reaction time 5h, the conversion rate of esterification up to 95.19%.