一针对俄罗斯农奴制的起源问题,有着国家起源说与以债务为基础的私法关系说的两种看法。“国家学派”认为农奴制的形成与确立是在国家的主导下进行的,国家学说主要指大公与沙皇不断的发布政令,颁布法律,从而形成了一套完整的法律体系,1649年的《法律大全》为其总代表。在这 Aiming at the origins of Russian serfdom, there are two kinds of views on the origin of the state and on the debt-based private-law relations. The “State School” believes that the formation and establishment of serfdom is conducted under the guidance of the state. The doctrine of state mainly refers to the continuous issuance of decrees and enactment of laws by tycoons and tsars, which has resulted in the formation of a complete legal system. In 1649 “Law Encyclopaedia” as its chief representative. At this