目的了解中学生伤害行为现状及其与社会适应的相关性,为中学生伤害的有效预防提供参考依据。方法分层整群随机抽取蚌埠市2 530名在校中学生,使用问卷对研究对象伤害发生及社会适应状况进行调查。结果中学生伤害发生率为43.3%。男生伤害的发生率(46.8%)高于女生(40.1%),初中生(49.3%)高于高中生(29.8%),乡村地区中学生(47.1%)高于城市学生(40.6%),差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.01)。发生伤害的中学生人际关系、学习适应、日常生活、行为规范、情绪控制、环境适应、心理预期、心理动力及心理支持得分均低于未发生伤害中学生,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.01)。多因素分析结果显示,初中生伤害发生的影响因素有人际关系、心理预期、心理支持,高中生则只有心理支持进入回归方程(P均<0.05)。结论不同性别、学段、地区中学生伤害发生状况存在差异,社会适应对中学生伤害的发生具有重要保护作用。 Objective To understand the current situation of secondary school students’ injuries and its correlation with social adaptation, and to provide a reference for effective prevention of injuries among middle school students. Methods A stratified cluster was randomly selected from 2 530 middle school students in Bengbu City. The questionnaires were used to investigate the occurrence of injuries and social adjustment in the study subjects. Results The incidence of secondary school injuries was 43.3%. The incidence of male injuries was 46.8% higher than that of girls 40.1%, 49.3% of junior high school students were high school students, 29.8% of middle school students were 47.1% of rural students, 40.6% of urban students, There was statistical significance (all P <0.01). There were significant differences in the relationship among interpersonal relationship, learning adaptation, daily life, code of conduct, emotional control, environmental adaptation, psychological expectation, psychological motivation and psychological support of middle school students who had harmed students, all of which were statistically significant (P <0.01) ). Multivariate analysis showed that there were interpersonal relationships, psychological expectation and psychological support among junior high school students. Only psychological support for high school students entered the regression equation (P <0.05). Conclusion There are differences in the incidence of injuries among middle school students in different genders, sections and regions. Social adaptation plays an important protective role in the injury of middle school students.