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[目的]了解综合医院病理科职业人群日常甲醛暴露水平及工作日内甲醛浓度变化规律。[方法]选取济南市6家综合医院,对病理科取材室、技术室、诊断室三类工作场所室内空气中的甲醛进行采样、检测与评价,并对各类工作场所采取的机械通风、个体防护装备等甲醛污染控制措施进行调查。[结果]取材室的甲醛浓度最高,平均浓度为1.40 mg/m3,超出了国家职业接触限值(最高容许浓度为0.5 mg/m3);技术室和诊断室内的甲醛浓度的平均水平分别为0.17 mg/m3和0.13 mg/m3,均符合国家职业接触限值的要求。病理科不同工作场所及不同医院相同工作场所甲醛浓度差别均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。取材室的甲醛浓度在0:00和16:00各有一个高峰,分别达到1.52 mg/m3和1.87 mg/m3。在调查的6家医院的病理科中,只有2家医院在取材室的操作台安装有局部机械排风设备。[结论]综合医院病理科取材室的甲醛污染最为严重,是甲醛污染治理的重点场所。病理科工作场所甲醛浓度受工作内容、工作量和通风设施使用情况等因素的影响。
[Objective] To understand the daily level of formaldehyde exposure in occupational population of general hospital and the change rule of formaldehyde concentration in working days. [Method] Six kinds of general hospitals in Jinan were selected to sample, test and evaluate formaldehyde in the indoor air of three types of workplace, including pathology department, technical room and diagnosis room. The mechanical ventilation, Protective equipment and other formaldehyde pollution control measures to investigate. [Result] The highest concentration of formaldehyde in the extraction chamber was obtained, with an average concentration of 1.40 mg / m3, which exceeded the national occupational exposure limits (the maximum allowable concentration was 0.5 mg / m3). The average levels of formaldehyde in technical and diagnostic laboratories were 0.17 mg / m3 and 0.13 mg / m3, all in line with the national occupational exposure limits. Formaldehyde concentrations in different workplaces and in different hospitals in the same pathology department were significantly different (all P <0.01). The concentration of formaldehyde in the extraction chamber reached a peak at 0:00 and 16:00 respectively, reaching 1.52 mg / m3 and 1.87 mg / m3, respectively. Among the six hospitals surveyed, only two hospitals installed local mechanical ventilation equipment on the operation console of the sampling room. [Conclusion] The formaldehyde pollution in the pathology section of General Hospital is the most serious, which is the key site for formaldehyde pollution control. The concentration of formaldehyde in the pathology department workplace is affected by factors such as job content, workload and use of ventilation facilities.