北宋在结束唐末五代割据纷争基础上重建的统一王朝,赵匡胤在开国后为矫治前代将帅拥兵自重、割据分裂之弊,进行了军制改革。他采取了兵权集中于皇帝,臣僚分揽军政,中央萃集精兵,更番戍守边城要地,抑制将权,以文治武,内外相制,守内虚外等改革措施,对强化中央集权,开创宋代基业,起了积极作用。但其后继者奉此为基本国策,遵从不变,又导致了冗兵坐食,战力积弱,国势日衰,致使宋的百万兵将,在与辽、西夏、金的抗衡中屡遭失败,终而国灭。 After the founding of the reunification of the Northern Song Dynasty, the Kuomintang rebuilt on the basis of the end of the Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties, Zhao Kuangyin conducted a military reform after the founding of the People’s Republic of China for the rectification of previous generations of marshals and their separatism. He took the military power concentrated in the emperor, the bureaucrats took military and political affairs, the central government collected more troops, even guarding the frontier cities, restraining their rights, suppressing the civil and military affairs, internal and external system, keeping the inside and outside the reform measures to strengthen the centralization of power, Creating the foundation of the Song Dynasty played an active role. However, their successors, serving as their basic national policy, have followed the same principle and have also led to the slaughter of troops, weak fighting power and the declining national strength. As a result, Song’s millions of soldiers and soldiers have repeatedly contested with Liao, Xixia and Jin Was defeated, and finally destroy the country.