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对于由制造商,分销商和零售商所构成的二层渠道三级供应链利润分配问题,在供应链正常及中断两种情况下构建了基于Stackelberg的利润独立分配模型和企业合作时的利润分配模型,进行了博弈分析并比较了不同分配策略对供应链节点企业利润及总利润的影响.结果表明,无论供应链有无中断,供应链节点企业间合作时的总利润要明显高于独立决策时节点企业的总利润.供应链中断引起需求增加时,制造商是否在原有基础上扩大生产取决于m与βc_(11)大小的比较;需求减少时,制造商是否在原有基础上对原生产计划和价格进行调整取决于m与βc_1大小的比较;无论是需求增加还是需求减少,合作时市场容量变动量m对βc_(11)(或c_1)的依赖程度均远低于独立决策的情况.在供应链中断利润独立分配优化策略中,提高(或降低)的价格分配份额的大小取决于决策顺序.供应链节点企业可以通过讨价还价能力的大小来选择适当的分配因子进行利润分配.通过引入Shapley值法及其算例,进一步证明了供应链节点企业间的合作能有效提高利润水平,并保证供应链利润分配的合理性与有效性.
For the profit distribution problem of three-level supply chain of two-tier channel composed of manufacturers, distributors and retailers, Stackelberg-based independent profit distribution model and profit distribution of enterprise cooperation are constructed under both normal and interrupted supply chain conditions Model, a game analysis is conducted and the effect of different distribution strategies on corporate profits and total profits of supply chain nodes is compared. The results show that the total profit of cooperation between supply chain nodes is significantly higher than that of independent decision-making When the supply chain disruption caused by increased demand, whether the manufacturer based on the original expansion of production depends on the size of m and βc_ (11) of the comparison; demand decreases, the manufacturer is on the original basis of the original production The adjustment of plan and price depends on the comparison between m and βc_1. Whether the demand increases or the demand decreases, the dependence of market capacity variation m on βc_ (11) (or c_1) is much lower than the independent decision-making. In the supply chain disruption profit independent allocation optimization strategy, increasing (or decreasing) the size of the price allocation share depends on the order of decision-making. The distribution of profit can be determined by choosing the appropriate distribution factor through the size of the bargaining power.Through the introduction of Shapley value method and its example, it is further proved that the cooperation among supply chain nodes can effectively improve the profit level and ensure the reasonable profit distribution in the supply chain Sexuality and effectiveness.