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农村居民是城镇化的重要参与者,当前全国各地正在积极进行农民市民化的各种探索,其目标是实现农村居民从传统农村生产生活方式转变为现代城市生产生活方式,共享城镇化福利。事实上,农民市民化的路径既包括大城市的异地城镇化,也包括中小城镇的“就地城镇化”、“近地城镇化”等多种形式。本文基于调查,着重于从空间层面入手,对乡村居民城镇化的真实意愿进行分析。得出以下结论:①从兼顾就业和居住的城镇化目的地选择来看,乡村居民意愿最强的不是烟台市区,而是县城;②当乡村居民面对城镇化的相关问题时,子女的教育问题对他们而言非常重要;③大多数农村户口持有者不愿放弃户口进城,工、农兼业模式仍将是主导发展模式;④由于经济因素的影响,农民仍需要与农田保持较近的耕作距离,因此就地城镇化模式可能会长期存在。
Rural residents are an important participant in urbanization. At present, all kinds of explorations are being actively carried out by peasants in all parts of the country. The goal is to realize the transformation of rural residents from traditional rural production and lifestyle to modern urban production and life style and to share urbanization benefits. In fact, the path of peasant citizenization includes both the urbanization of different cities in large cities and the forms of “local urbanization” and “near-town urbanization” of small and medium-sized cities and towns. Based on the survey, this article focuses on starting from the space level and analyzes the true willingness of rural residents to urbanize. The following conclusions are drawn: (1) From the point of view of selecting urbanization destination for both employment and residence, the most willingness of rural residents is not Yantai urban area but the county seat; (2) When rural residents face the problems of urbanization, Education problems are very important to them; ③ most of the rural hukou holders do not want to give up their hukou to enter the city and the mode of working together with industry and agriculture will still be the dominant mode of development; ④ due to the economic factors, the peasants still need to keep with the farmland Close to the farming distance, so the local urbanization patterns may exist for a long time.