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目的探讨脐带血替代新生儿外周血进行A、B、O血型及Rh(D)血型鉴定及抗体效价的可行性。方法采用试管法及微柱凝胶技术对200例母体胎盘脐带血与新生儿外周血进行血型鉴定,用抗人球蛋白检测卡进行两者抗体效价的检测,并对两者结果进行比较分析。结果通过微柱凝胶技术能检测出的新生儿血及脐带血抗体152例(76.0%),AB型RH阳性30例(15.0%);18例(9.0%)无法检测出相应抗体,不能排除因新生儿及脐带血中尚未产生抗体以及标本量太少而无法检测。132例标本采用反定型法检测显示脐带动静脉血和新生儿外周血抗体效价完全一致,20例脐带动静脉抗体效价与新生儿外周血抗体效价相近。结论脐带血可替代外周血进行A、B、O、Rh(D)血型的鉴定和抗体效价的检测。
Objective To investigate the feasibility of using cord blood to replace the neonatal peripheral blood for blood group A, B, O and Rh (D) blood type identification and antibody titer. Methods Blood samples were obtained from 200 cases of maternal placenta cord blood and neonates by tube test and microcolumn gel technique. Antibody titer was used to detect the antibody titer of both samples. The results of the two methods were compared . Results 152 cases (76.0%) of newborn blood and umbilical cord blood antibodies detected by microcolumn gel technique were positive in 30 cases (15.0%) with type AB RH; 18 cases (9.0%) were unable to detect the corresponding antibodies and could not be excluded Neonatal and umbilical cord blood has not yet produced antibodies and too little sample size can not be detected. 132 cases of specimens using reverse-type test showed that umbilical cord blood and neonatal peripheral blood antibody titer exactly the same, 20 cases of umbilical cord arteriovenous antibody titer and neonatal peripheral blood antibody titer similar. Conclusion The umbilical cord blood can replace the peripheral blood for the identification of A, B, O, Rh (D) blood group and the detection of antibody titer.