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普特南早期研究的重点在于用实在论观点解释科学革命的现实。研究者一般把他这一时期的观点归于塞拉斯、夏皮尔等人的科学实在论阵营,并且认为他日后的内在实在论和实用主义实在论是对这一立场的完全背离。事实上,此时普特南的思想中已经包含了反对一般科学实在论的观点。他通过反思卡尔纳普、蒯因、库恩等人的思想,形成了一种可以相容于实用主义图景的实在论观点并贯彻于日后的思考中。这主要包括:数学、逻辑学的抽象对象需要实在论解释,其存在问题则依赖于我们的表征;不仅物理学,而且数学、逻辑学都具有准经验基础,是可错的;科学语词的指称是固定的,它并非相对于概念框架。
Putnam’s early research focused on the reality of the scientific revolution from a realist perspective. Researchers generally attribute his view of this period to the scientific realism camp of Silas, Shapir, and others, and consider his future internal realism and pragmatic realism as a complete departure from this position. In fact, Putnam’s thinking at this time already contained the idea of opposing general scientific realism. By rethinking the thoughts of Carnap, Gene, Kuhn and others, he formed a realistic view compatible with the pragmatic picture and put it into consideration in the future. This mainly includes: mathematical, logical abstract objects need to explain the realism, its problems depend on our characterization; not only physics, but also mathematics, logic have quasi-empirical basis, is wrong; scientific terms of reference Is fixed, it is not relative to the conceptual framework.