AIM:To investigate the antitumor activity of adriamycin(ADR) encapsulated in nanoparticles (NADR) and injectedinto the hepatic artery of hepatoma-bearing rats.METHODS:NADR was prepared by the interfacialpolymerization method.Walker-256 carcinosarcomas weresurgically implanted into the left liver lobes of 60 male Wistarrats,which were divided into 4 groups at random (15 ratsper group).On the 7th day after implantation,normal saline(NS),free ADR (FADR),NADR,or ADR mixed with unloadednanoparticles (ADR+NP) was respectively injected via thehepatic artery (i.a.) of rats in different groups.The dose ofADR in each formulation was 2.0 mg/kg body weight andthe concentration was 1.0 mg/mL.Survival time,tumorenlargement ratio,and tumor necrosis degree were comparedbetween each group.RESULTS:Compared with the rots that received NS i.a.,the rats that received FADR or ADR+NP acquired apparentinhibition on tumor growth,as well as prolonged their lifespan.Further significant anticancer efficacy was observedin rats that received i.a.administration of NADR.Statisticsindicated that NADR brought on a more significant tumorinhibition and more extensive tumor necrosis,as comparedto FADR or ADR+NR The mean tumor enlargement ratio onthe 7th day after NADR i.a.was 1.106.The mean tumor-bearing survival time was 39.50 days.Prolonged life spanratio was 109.22% as compared with rats that accepted NS.CONCLUSION:Therapeutic effect of ADR on livermalignancy can be significantly enhanced by its nanopaticleformulation and administration via hepatic artery. AIM: To investigate the antitumor activity of adriamycin (ADR) encapsulated in nanoparticles (NADR) and injected in the hepatic artery of hepatoma-bearing rats. METHODS: NADR was prepared by the interfacial polymerization method. Walker-256 carcinosarcomas weresurgically implanted into the left liver lobes of the 60 male Wistarrats, which were divided into 4 groups at random (15 ratsper group). On the 7th day after implantation, normal saline (NS), free ADR (FADR), NADR, or ADR mixed with unloadednanoparticles (ADR + NP) was injected via the hepatic artery (ia) of rats in different groups. The dose of ADC in each formulation was 2.0 mg / kg body weight and the concentration was 1.0 mg / mL. Survival time, tumorenlargement ratio, and tumor necrosis degree were comparedbetween each group .RESULTS: Compared with the rots that received NS ia, the rats that received FADR or ADR + NP acquired apparent inhibition of tumor growth, as well as prolonged their lifespan. Further significant anticancer efficacy was ob servedin rats that received iaadministration of NADR.Statisticsindicated that NADR brought on a more significant tumor inhibitor and more extensive tumor necrosis, as compared to FADR or ADR + NR The mean tumor enlargement ratio on the 7th day after NADR iawas 1.106.The mean tumor-bearing survival time was 39.50 days. Period of life span was was 109.22% as compared with rats that accepted NS.CONCLUSION: Therapeutic effect of ADR on liver malignancy can be significantly enhanced by its nanopaticleformulation and administration via hepatic artery.