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根据2011年1月(冬季)、4月(春季)、7月(夏季)、10月(秋季)湛江湾海域9个采样断面、28个采样站位的水质分析结果分析了该海域富营养化时空分布特征,应用主成分分析法探讨了环境因子对该海域富营养化状态的影响,对湛江湾海域应用富营养指数法和潜在性富营养化法2种评价方式的评价结果进行了对比。结果表明:冬、春、夏、秋4个季节湛江湾海域富营养化指数平均值分别为0.18、1.90、0.83、2.12,不同季节富营养化指数的空间分布特征较一致,从湾顶到湾中到湾口呈减小的趋势。富营养化指数年际变化特征为秋季>春季>夏季>冬季,秋、春两季富营养化程度较高,冬、夏两季较低。4个季节富营养指数与无机氮均呈极显著正相关,与盐度和pH值呈极显著负相关,表明无机氮含量对湛江湾海域的富营养化状况具有主导地位,河口冲淡水及陆源排污带来的低盐高浓度的污染物对湛江湾海域富营养化影响较大。对湛江湾海域富营养化指数法和潜在性富营养化法评价结果的对比表明:在应用富营养化指数评价法时,如果同时考虑海域的营养盐结构,2种评价方法的评价结果基本一致。
According to the water quality analysis results of 9 sampling sections and 28 sampling stations in January, 2011 (winter), April (spring), July (summer) and October (autumn) Zhanjiang Bay, the eutrophication The spatial and temporal distribution characteristics were analyzed. The influence of environmental factors on the eutrophication status of the sea area was explored by principal component analysis (PCA), and the results of two evaluation methods of applying eutrophication index method and latent eutrophication method in Zhanjiang Bay were compared. The results showed that the average eutrophication indices of Zhanjiang Bay in winter, spring, summer and autumn were 0.18, 1.90, 0.83 and 2.12, respectively. The spatial distribution of eutrophication index in different seasons was consistent. From bay to bay Middle to the mouth of the mouth showed a decreasing trend. The interannual variation of eutrophication index is characterized by autumn> spring> summer> winter, autumn and spring with higher eutrophication and lower winter and summer seasons. There was a significant positive correlation between four seasonal indices and inorganic nitrogen and a very significant negative correlation with salinity and pH, indicating that inorganic nitrogen had a dominant position on eutrophication in Zhanjiang Bay. The pollutants with low salt and high concentration brought by sewage have a great influence on the eutrophication in Zhanjiang Bay. The comparison between the eutrophication index method and the potential eutrophication method in Zhanjiang Bay shows that when using the eutrophication index method, the evaluation results of the two methods are basically the same if the structure of nutrients in the sea area is taken into account .