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变应性鼻炎(allergic rhinotis-AR)是耳鼻咽喉头颈外科的常见病之一,虽非重症疾病,却改变了患者的社会生活,严重影响了其生活质量,加重了经济负担,其发病率高,且流行性不断增长,同时也是影响另一种主要呼吸道变应性疾病支气管管哮喘(BA)的重要因素,已成为21世纪严重的全球性健康问题。AR发病机制的研究日益得到重视,随着对呼吸道变应性炎症认识的加深,明确了其主要的病理改变是慢性炎症反应,嗜酸性粒细胞(eosinophil,EOS)及肥大细胞等炎性细胞浸润,特别是EOS的浸润程度与病情呈正相关。呼吸道内EOS聚集机制相当复杂,主要包括骨髓中EOS从祖细胞分化成熟,继而向外周循环释放迁移,通过滚动、粘附、渗出及与内皮细胞相互作用,选择性在气道局部组织中大量聚集并被激活,发挥生物学效应。在此过程中有许多细胞因子参与了对EOS的调控,其中趋化因子选择性趋化嗜酸性粒细胞是主要的环节,也足近几年的研究热点。本文对嗜酸性粒细胞趋化凶子eotaxin及其受体CCR3(CC chemo-kine reeeptor 3)的基本慨况及其在呼吸道变应性炎症研究中的意义综述如下。
Allergic rhinotis-AR is one of the most common diseases of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery. Although it is not a severe disease, it has changed the social life of patients, seriously affecting the quality of life, increasing the economic burden and having a high incidence , And its ever-increasing prevalence is also an important factor affecting bronchial asthma (BA), another major respiratory allergic disease, and has become a serious global health problem in the 21st century. The pathogenesis of AR is getting more and more attention. With the deepening of the understanding of allergic airway inflammation, it is clear that the main pathological changes are chronic inflammatory reaction, inflammatory cell infiltration of eosinophil (EOS) and mast cells , Especially the infiltration of EOS and the disease was positively correlated. The mechanism of EOS aggregation in the respiratory tract is quite complicated, mainly including the differentiation and maturation of EOS from the progenitor cells in the bone marrow, and then to the peripheral circulation for release and migration. By means of rolling, adhesion, exudation and interaction with endothelial cells, Aggregated and activated, to play a biological effect. In this process, there are many cytokines involved in the regulation of EOS, chemotactic chemotaxis chemotaxis is the main part of eosinophils, but also enough in recent years, research hot spots. This article summarizes the basic status of eotaxin and its receptor CC chemo-kine reeeptor 3 and its significance in the study of respiratory allergic inflammation in eosinophils.