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引言 矿物的成分、结构及物理性质等与结晶过程(或平衡过程)的环境有着密切的关系。在进行这方面的研究工作的同时,过去的二十年里,人们获得了大量的有关矿物结构中原子长程有序的知识。在这一时期内,研究有序化的实验技术有了很大的发展:常用的衍射方法经过改进,现已能给出精确度很高的结果。在过去的十五年间,许多谱学方法也用于这方面的研究,其中的某些方法,现在已发展到能给出精确的定量结果。
Introduction Mineral composition, structure and physical properties and the crystallization process (or balance process) environment is closely related. Simultaneously with the research efforts in this area, there has been a great deal of knowledge gained about the long-range order of atoms in mineral structures over the past two decades. During this period, there has been a great development in the study of the ordering of experimental techniques: the commonly used diffraction methods have been refined to give highly accurate results. In the past fifteen years many spectroscopic methods have also been used in this area of study and some of these methods have now been developed to give accurate quantitative results.