随着经济全球化和城镇化的持续推进,人民生活水平不断提高,对医疗卫生服务的需求也越来越高,而基本公共服务均等化也成为政府的工作目标。因此,如何合理配置稀缺的医疗卫生资源来提高人们的健康水平,缩小区域差异,促进卫生事业的协调发展成了亟待解决的问题。本文首先从区域和省际层面分析2002~2011年我国医疗卫生资源配置的时空变化、公平性和影响因素,而后以三甲医院和百强医院为例分析高质量医疗卫生资源的空间配置特点。研究结果显示:我国医疗卫生资源配置的公平性逐渐提高,医疗卫生资源配置与地区发展水平有密切的联系,高质量医疗卫生资源的空间配置呈现较为突出的不公平性。 With the continuous promotion of economic globalization and urbanization, people’s living standards have been continuously improved, and the demand for medical and health services has also become higher and higher. The equalization of basic public services has also become the government’s goal. Therefore, how to rationally allocate scarce medical and health resources to improve people’s health level, narrow regional differences and promote coordinated development of public health have become urgent problems to be solved. Firstly, this paper analyzes the spatio-temporal changes, fairness and influencing factors of the distribution of medical and health resources in our country from 2002 to 2011 from the regional and inter-provincial levels. Then analyzes the characteristics of the spatial distribution of high-quality medical and health resources by taking the top three hospitals and top 100 hospitals as examples. The results show that the fairness of medical and health resource allocation in our country gradually increases, the allocation of medical and health resources is closely linked with the level of regional development, and the space allocation of high-quality medical and health resources presents a rather outstanding unfairness.