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从上个世纪中叶开始,人类的发展进入了被库兹涅茨称为“现代经济增长”的阶段,他认为现代经济增长的主要特征之一是在工业化国家普遍出现了一种人均产出增长率的加速趋势。尽管如此,战后日本经济的高速增长还是远远超出了库兹涅茨对工业化国家自产业革命以来的平均估计,这已为人们所熟知,并积累了大量的有关研究的文献。尽管本文仍然属于对战后日本经济高速增长的分析,但关注的焦点却不是增长本身,而是增长的性质。本文认为,战后日本经济的高速增长不仅实现了一种在历史上罕见的速度,而且实现了一种在现实中难得的均衡。战后日本经济发展,集高速增长与均衡增长于一身,由此形成的这种良好的经济绩效,特别是均衡增长与政策选择之间的关系,构成了本文的研究对象。
Since the middle of the last century, the development of mankind has entered a stage called “modern economic growth” by Kuznets. He believes that one of the major characteristics of the modern economic growth is the widespread per capita production in industrialized countries The acceleration of the growth rate. Nevertheless, the postwar rapid growth of Japan’s economy goes well beyond Kuznets’ estimation of the average industrialized country since the industrial revolution, which is well known and has accumulated a great deal of literature on research. Although this essay is still an analysis of the rapid economic growth in Japan after the war, the focus of attention is not on growth but on the nature of growth. This paper argues that the rapid economic growth of Japan after the war not only achieved a rate rarely seen in history, but also achieved a rare equilibrium in reality. The postwar economic development in Japan combines rapid growth with balanced growth. The good economic performance thus formed, especially the relationship between balanced growth and policy choices, constitutes the subject of this article.