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目的了解高职院校新生乙型肝炎病毒感染状况,为今后的防治工作及健康教育提供科学依据。方法采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法,对江西环境工程职业学院3165名新生进行乙肝5项血清标志物检测。结果新生的HBsAg阳性率为11.8%。男生(13.07%)高于女生(9.03%),χ2=13.09,P<0.01;农村户口学生(12.64%)高于城镇户口学生(8.87%),χ2=10.05,P<0.01;大专生为11.04%,中专生为11.35%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。乙肝病毒表面抗原阳性的6种模式中,以HBsAg+HBeAb+HBcAb、HBsAg+HBeAg+HBcAb及HBsAg+HBcAb阳性为主,分别占41.81%,20.90%和14.97%。结论部分大学新生乙肝病毒感染率较高,需要加强预防措施,接种乙肝疫苗,避免乙肝在学生群体内蔓延。
Objective To understand the status of hepatitis B virus infection among freshmen in higher vocational colleges and to provide a scientific basis for prevention and treatment and health education in the future. Methods Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect 5 serum markers of hepatitis B in 3165 freshmen of Jiangxi Environmental Engineering Vocational College. Results The positive rate of HBsAg in newborn was 11.8%. (13.07%) was higher than girls (9.03%), χ2 = 13.09, P <0.01; rural students (12.64%) were higher than urban students (8.87%), χ2 = 10.05, P <0.01; %, Secondary school students was 11.35%, the difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05). Of the 6 patterns of HBsAg positive, HBsAg + HBeAb + HBcAb, HBsAg + HBeAg + HBcAb and HBsAg + HBcAb were positive, accounting for 41.81%, 20.90% and 14.97% respectively. Conclusion Some college freshmen have a high infection rate of hepatitis B virus, and need to strengthen preventive measures and inoculate hepatitis B vaccine to prevent the spread of hepatitis B in the student population.