为评估电解槽阴极质量及其破损状况,运用声波检测技术与冲击回波检测技术对电解槽阴极部分进行检测.结果表明:入槽前阴极炭块中波速与孔隙率、密度倒数的开方间存在线性关系,并通过声波?电压降联合测试结果找出质量相对良好的阴极炭块;此外,利用冲击回波检测技术对阴极钢棒进行现场检测,结果表明其可有效评估阴极钢棒的破损状况,并实现破损部位定位.提出一种全新的、可量化的阴极质量及破损评估方法,可为电解槽生命周期延长及评价提供参考.“,”To evaluate the quality and damage condition of the electrolyzer, wave velocity detection technology and impact echo technology were used to detect the cathode part of the electrolyzer. The experimental results show that wave velocity is linearly related to the porosity, and there is also a linear relationship between wave velocity and the square root of reciprocal density in cathode carbon blocks (CCBs) before installation into electrolyzer. Combined with detection results of wave velocity and voltage drop, the large-size CCBs with relatively good quality can be found. Through the impact echo technology on cathode steel rods (CSRs), the results of the on-site detection show that the damage condition of CSRs can be effectively evaluated, and the damage location of CSRs can be determined. This study proposes a novel and quantifiable method for the evaluation of cathode quality and damage, which provides a reference for prolonging the service life of the electrolyzer.