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农业豁免制度不是无条件的豁免,农业主体的行为是其能否得到豁免的重要衡量因素之一。中国《反垄断法》第56条虽对农业主体可豁免的行为类型作了规定,但未对可豁免的范围及性质作详细的规定,不利于农业豁免行为在司法中的审查。美国是最早设立农业豁免制度的国家,美国立法和判例都对农业豁免的行为有十分详细的规定,研究和探讨美国在农业豁免行为范围的界定,对中国的农业豁免行为研究有着重要的启示。
The agricultural exemption system is not an unconditional exemption, and the behavior of the agricultural main body is one of the important measures of whether it can be exempted. Although Article 56 of China’s Anti-monopoly Law stipulates the types of exempt behaviors of agricultural subjects, it does not provide detailed provisions on the scope and nature of exemptions, which is not conducive to the review of agricultural exemptions in the judicial system. The United States is the earliest country to set up an agricultural exemption system. Both the legislation and precedent in the United States provide detailed stipulations on the exemption of agriculture. It is of great significance to study and explore the definition of the scope of the exemption of agriculture in the United States and to reveal the exemption of agriculture in China.