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花青苷(anthocyanins)是植物中广泛存在的水溶性色素,在食品加工业中具有重要的地位。花青苷与人体健康密切相关,具有较强的抗氧化、抗炎症、抗微生物、抑制血小板凝聚和抗肿瘤等功效,已作为重要的功能因子而受到广泛的关注。花青苷成分的分析鉴定是花青苷生物活性研究的基础。然而,花青苷种类繁多,结构修饰多样,同时易受环境条件的影响,难以分离鉴定。高压液相色谱-二极管阵列检测-质谱联用技术(HPLC-DAD-MS)是花青苷分析最常规的手段。本文综述了如何利用HPLC-DAD-MS快速有效分离花青苷以及结构解析的一般规律及经验,以期为高附加值资源筛选以及花青苷构效关系的进一步揭示提供重要的化学基础。
Anthocyanins are water-soluble pigments widely found in plants and have an important place in the food processing industry. Anthocyanins are closely related to human health and have strong anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-platelet aggregation and anti-tumor efficacy, which has been widely concerned as an important functional factor. The analysis and identification of anthocyanin components is the basis of anthocyanin bioactivity research. However, a wide range of anthocyanins, a variety of structural modifications, while susceptible to environmental conditions, it is difficult to isolate and identify. High-pressure liquid chromatography-diode array detection-mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD-MS) is the most common method of anthocyanin analysis. This review summarizes how to rapidly and efficiently separate anthocyanins by HPLC-DAD-MS, and the general rules and experiences of structural elucidation. It provides an important chemical basis for screening high value-added resources and further revealing the structure-activity relationship of anthocyanins.