目的探讨电子支气管镜在难治性肺部感染病原学诊断中的应用价值。方法难治性肺部感染患者67例采用电子支气管镜检查,于病变叶段依次行防污染毛刷刷检和局部肺泡灌洗采样病原学检查。其结果与镜检前常规痰培养比较。结果毛刷刷检和局部肺泡灌洗采样的细菌培养阳性率分别为64.18%(43/67)和71.64%(48/67),均高于常规取痰法的31.34%(21/67)(P<0.05)。结论经支气管镜防污染毛刷取样和局部肺泡灌洗采样在难治性肺部感染病原学诊断的阳性率明显高于常规取痰培养法。 Objective To investigate the value of electronic bronchoscope in the etiological diagnosis of refractory pulmonary infection. Methods Sixty-seven patients with refractory pulmonary infection were examined by electronic bronchoscopy, followed by anti-contamination brush brushing and local alveolar lavage sampling in the diseased leaf segments. The results compared with conventional sputum culture before microscopy. Results The positive rates of brush culture and local alveolar lavage were 64.18% (43/67) and 71.64% (48/67), respectively, which were higher than 31.34% (21/67) (21/67) P <0.05). Conclusions The bronchoscopic anti-pollution brush sampling and local alveolar lavage sampling in the etiological diagnosis of refractory pulmonary infection were significantly higher than the conventional sputum culture.