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针对已知高度宽带信号源的无源定位问题,借鉴SAR成像原理和直接定位法思想,提出一种利用到达差时间(TDOA)和到达频率(FDOA)信息的位置点成像无源定位算法。采样时将观测时间划分为快时间和慢时间,在快时间域估计TDOA,慢时间域估计FDOA。首先分析了同轨双站构型下距离差走动,然后利用观测区域中心位置对观测时间内各脉冲TDOA进行校正,再通过二维傅里叶变换得到TDOA和FDOA,并将联合估计得到TDOA和FDOA通过几何关系映射得到目标位置。仿真实验表明了本文算法的有效性,且不需要进行信号分选和参数配对,适用于观测不可区分多目标辐射源定位问题,具有高精度和超分辨特性。
Aiming at the problem of passive location of a known high-bandwidth signal source, this paper proposes a location-based passive imaging algorithm using arrival time difference (TDOA) and arrival frequency (FDOA) information, referring to SAR imaging principle and direct positioning method. The sampling time is divided into fast and slow observation time, TDOA estimation in fast time domain, FDOA estimation in slow time domain. Firstly, the TDOA and FDOA of each pulse in the observation time are corrected by using the center of the observation area and the TDOA and FDOA are obtained through the two-dimensional Fourier transform. The joint estimation of TDOA and FDOA FDOA gets the target position through the geometric relation mapping. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, and do not require signal sorting and parameter matching. It is suitable for observing the indistinguishable multi-target radiation source localization problem with high accuracy and super-resolution.