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利用数量遗传模型对P1、P2、F1、F2,3等4个世代的相对分蘖率、有效穗、生物产量及经济产量等性状进行了遗传分析。混合遗传模型分析表明:低磷胁迫条件下,相对分蘖率和相对有效穗两个指标适合两对主基因的加性-显性-上位性的模型,两对主基因之间存在着广泛的加性、显性和上位性效应,也存在多基因修饰;相对分蘖率和相对有效穗的最大效应主基因以加性效应为主,次大主基因以显性效应为主,而相对生物量与相对经济产量两个指标符合两对加性-显性-上位性主基因+多基因的模型,主基因遗传力分别达到60.08%和37.70%,多基因遗传力分别达到32.15%和58.9%。表明相对分蘖率、有效穗和生物量的主基因遗传力均较高,可以作为水稻耐低磷遗传育种的指标。而相对经济产量的主基因遗传力相对较低,说明经济产量受气候等环境因素影响较大。
Genetic analysis was conducted on the relative tillering rate, effective panicle, biomass yield and economic yield of four generations P1, P2, F1, F2 and 3 by using quantitative genetic model. The results of mixed genetic model showed that the relative tillering rate and relative effective panicle were suitable for additive-dominance-epistasis of two pairs of major genes under the condition of low-phosphorus stress. There was a wide range of additive between the two major genes Sexual, dominant and epistatic effects as well as polygenic modification. The major effect genes of relative tillering rate and relative effective panicle were mainly additive effect, dominant gene of dominant lesion was dominated by dominant effect, while relative biomass and The two indexes of relative economic yield fit two additive-dominance-epistatic major genes + polygene model. The heritability of major genes reached 60.08% and 37.70% respectively, and the heritabilities of multiple genes reached 32.15% and 58.9% respectively. The results showed that the relative heritability of tillering rate, effective spike and biomass were high, which could be used as an indicator of genetic tolerance to low phosphorus in rice. However, the relative heritability of main gene of economic output is relatively low, indicating that economic output is greatly affected by environmental factors such as climate.