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为准确计算装载机工作装置在工作过程中关键零件动臂和摇臂的载荷和强度状况,采用三维CAD软件Pro/E、有限元软件ANSYS和多体动力学仿真软件MSC.ADAMS,以ZL50型装载机工作装置为原型机,通过三维造型和机构模型建立两个过程,建立了包括铲斗、动臂、前车架、举升液压缸和转斗液压缸等刚体零件,连杆和摇臂等柔性体零件,以及液压系统驱动工作液压缸的仿真模型。在插入阻力均匀作用在铲斗以及插入阻力非均匀作用在铲斗两种情况下,对工作装置仿真模型进行1个工作循环的动力学仿真,研究了工作装置中动臂和摇臂的动载荷和强度状况。按照插入阻力作用于铲斗的不同位置,计算了动臂和摇臂典型工作循环的最大应力。结果表明:插入阻力在铲斗的作用点位置,对摇臂的最大应力影响较小,对动臂的最大应力影响较大;工作装置动力学仿真模型能够全面计算其零件的载荷、应力和应变。
In order to accurately calculate the load and strength status of the boom and rocker arm of the key components during the working process of the loader, three-dimensional CAD software Pro / E, finite element software ANSYS and multi-body dynamics simulation software MSC.ADAMS, The working device of the loader is a prototype machine, and two processes are established through the three-dimensional modeling and the mechanism model, and the rigid parts including the bucket, the boom, the front frame, the lifting hydraulic cylinder and the rotary cylinder are established, the connecting rod and the swing arm And other flexible body parts, as well as the hydraulic system to drive the hydraulic cylinder simulation model. The dynamic simulation of the working device simulation model is carried out in one working cycle under the condition that the insertion resistance acts evenly on the bucket and the insertion resistance is inhomogeneous in the bucket. The dynamic loads of the boom and the rocker in the working device And strength status. The maximum stress for the typical working cycle of the boom and arm is calculated according to the insertion resistance acting on the bucket at different positions. The results show that the insertion resistance is at the action point of the bucket, and has less influence on the maximum stress of the rocker arm and has a greater influence on the maximum stress of the boom. The dynamic simulation model of the working device can comprehensively calculate the load, stress and strain of the part .