非物质遗产自第二次世界大战以来,联合国教科文组织(UNESCO)已经支持了一系列世界遗产计划,从可移动的和不可移动的物质遗产开始,向自然遗产拓展,而最近又扩展到非物质遗产。2虽然这是三个相对独立的遗产名录,但是人们越来越认识到对种类范畴及其相关性的设定有些武断。物质文化遗产被定义为“一个纪念碑,一组建筑群或是一个具有历史、审美、考古、 Intangible heritage Since the Second World War, UNESCO has supported a series of World Heritage projects, beginning with the movable and immovable material heritage and expanding into natural heritage and recently expanded to Material heritage. 2 Although these are three relatively independent heritage lists, there is an increasing realization that there is some arbitrary assertion of categories and their relevance. The material and cultural heritage is defined as ”a monument, a group of buildings or a historic, aesthetic, archeological,