目的：探讨长爪沙鼠体外寄生蚤抽样方法。方法：以不同监测点的鼠数、鼠体染蚤率为依据，由修改后的成数无放回理论抽样数公式：ｎ＝ｌｏｇ－１（ｐ）〔ｑ２Ｎ／（ｐｑ＋Ｎｄ）〕计算梳检鼠体数量；用相关分析方法，分析沙鼠体外染蚤率与指数的关系。结果：监测点的样本有２８个，实际样本量合理的为４个，占１４．２９％，实际样本量浪费的为１４个，占５０．００％，实际样本量不足的为１０个，占３５．７１％；生境的样本有４０个，实际样本量合理的为２个，占５．００％，实际样本量浪费的为８个，占２０．００％，实际样本量不足的为３０个，占７５．００％。对监测点２８个样本的沙鼠体外染蚤率与体外蚤指数的相关分析结果：ｎ’＝２６，ａ＝０．０４８１，ｂ＝０．０１９４，ｒ＝０．７５１８，ｒ０．００１＝０．５８８，Ｐ＜０．００１。结论：每次梳检鼠体样本量从２０只开始，沙鼠体外蚤指数随着体外染蚤率呈正相关变化 Objective: To investigate the method of sampling parasitic fleas of Mongolian gerbils. Methods: Based on the number of rats in different monitoring sites and the rate of flea infection in rats, the theoretical number of samples was calculated as follows: n = log-1 (p)  [q2N / (pq + Nd )] To calculate the number of combed mice; correlation analysis method was used to analyze the relationship between the rate of flea infection and index in gerbils. Results: There are 28 samples of monitoring sites, the actual sample size is 4, accounting for 14.29%, the actual sample size is 14, accounting for 50.00%, and the actual sample size is 10, accounting for 35.71%; there are 40 habitat samples, the actual sample size is 2, accounting for 5.00%, the actual sample size is 8, accounting for 20.00%, the actual sample size is less than 30 , Accounting for 75.00%. The results of correlation analysis between the rate of flea infection in vitro and the flea index in vitro in 28 samples of the monitoring sites showed that n ’= 26, a = 0.0481, b = 0.0194, r = 0.7518, r0.001 = 0 .588, P <0.001. CONCLUSION: The flea index in gerbils was positively correlated with the rate of flea infection in vitro