日语文语有异于现代口语,读解比较困难。之所以如此,固然由于古代社会意识形态、典章制度、风俗习惯不同于现在,但更重要的、更直接的还是语言本身的问题。语言,范围很广,包括文字、语音、词汇、语法以及修辞等各个方面。有关它们的基本知识和一般规律,都能认识和掌握,才有可能读懂文语。这里只就文语中“表层结构下的 Japanese language is different from modern speaking, reading more difficult. The reason why, because of the ancient social ideology, the rules and regulations, customs and habits are different from the present, but more importantly and directly is the language itself. Language, a wide range, including text, voice, vocabulary, grammar and rhetoric and other aspects. About their basic knowledge and general laws, can understand and master, it is possible to read the text. Here only the text in the "surface structure